Background Many studies have been conducted to evaluate pain control options for intrauterine device (IUD) placement. However, few interventions have proven effective at reducing pain, including the NSAID ibuprofen. Prior studies on naproxen sodium, another NSAID, suggest effective pain relief. However, these studies were conducted among women having IUDs inserted that are different shapes and ...Read more >

Offering immediate postpartum contraception is a potential solution to the problem of unintended rapid repeat pregnancies, by providing birth control before a woman resumes sexual activity after delivering a child. There has been increasing interest in this practice over the past decade in the United States. Today, nearly half of states have reformed state Medicaid ...Read more >

Russia is one of the top receiving countries for labor migration, an increasing portion of whom are women. Migrant women struggle to obtain reproductive care. The number of women has persisted around 15% of legally employed migrants in Russia, with estimates ranging as high as 30-35%. As of 2008, over 50% of all labor migrants ...Read more >

Background: More than one-third of women in the US have engaged in heterosexual anal intercourse (HAI). The risk of acquiring HIV per sexual act is estimated to be 18 times higher for receptive anal intercourse than receptive vaginal intercourse; HAI is also associated with lower rates of condom use. Little is known regarding HAI frequency, ...Read more >

Our overarching goal is to simplify confirmation of tubal occlusion following hysteroscopic and nonsurgical permanent contraception. Hysteroscopic permanent contraception with the Essure® system has become an increasingly popular option for women and other approaches that require no surgery (nonsurgical permanent contraception (NSPC)) are a recent focus for contraceptive development. However, the verification test for tubal ...Read more >

An estimated 30% of women in the United States will have undergone an abortion by the age of 45. Given more than 80% of women report informing their male partner or report knowing that he was aware of the abortion, a substantial number of men have experienced abortion as well. Yet, we know very little ...Read more >

Prior to the 1980s, most people with cystic fibrosis (CF) did not live beyond their 20s.  However, considerable advancement in medical treatment of the disease has increased the life expectancy to a median age of 41 years.  As a result, many women with CF are living through their reproductive years, making fertility and reproduction new ...Read more >

Background: Approximately 272,400 women in the United States used mifepristone and misoprostol to terminate a pregnancy in 2014. Women report moderate to severe pain during medical abortion, with maximum pain scores ranging from seven to eight on an 11-point scale, lasting five or more days for a majority of women. Limited data exists regarding the ...Read more >

Hormonal contraception remains the primary form of contraception used by US women. Progestin-based hormonal methods are thought to cause thickening of the cervical mucus that causes poor sperm penetration. While it is widely accepted that progesterone is a mediator of mucus changes observed at midcycle, the regulation of this effect is not well understood. Subsequently, ...Read more >

Adolescents face many barriers to accessing reproductive health care including lack of transportation, finances, privacy, and autonomy. Improving access to sexual health care may stem high rates of sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy.  “Mobile Sexual and Reproductive Health Care (Mobile SRHC)” is a new model of adolescent sexual and reproductive health care delivery. This model ...Read more >